Interior Design – History – Part 1
Interior design can be divided into two categories: residential and non-residential design. The first deals exclusively with indoors, apartments or houses. The second deals with public buildings and spaces such as concert halls, banks, offices, theaters, restaurants, hotels, churches. Most design experts specialize in one or more such areas. The designer often works independently on the existing space, proposing structural changes only when necessary, bordering the layout changes.
Professional designers work at least at first on a drawing to scale, a space that cannot be modified or restructured, although it may make minor architectural changes (which may change places are mounted doors, windows, electrical grid can be changed). The designer must make a nice set using numerous components, including light sources, colors, textiles, flooring and wall finishes, decorative elements (furniture or handicrafts), paintings, art objects, depending on the desired result and financial resources available. Final choices are largely influenced by the choices and tastes of customers.
Light, be it natural or artificial, or a combination thereof, has a significant effect on the general atmosphere of a room. Light sources must always harmonize color schemes. Cool colors (blue, green, gray) and the warm (red, yellow, orange, brown), intense colors (red, brown, purple, black) and the paddle (beige, pink) can totally change the appearance of a room. Some colors may give the impression of greater space (white and cool, open shades), and others may be used to reduce the apparent space (black and dark colors and warm). Some colors are perfectly blended others, fitting perfectly, others vary in intensity. A skilled designer can use desired color harmony of certain games of shadow and light. For example, small decorative objects can be highlighted by color contrast against background shades in a room.
Textures used in a room are another factor contributing to the overall look of a room. Various textiles, brick, glass, gypsum, damask, wood, silk – all are factors that can increase the value of a room.
HISTORY
Human desire to constantly improve their housing and environment is as old as the human species, manifested throughout history in such a way one can speak of a history of design.
Old World
Besides the religious significance, the paintings on cave walls today suggest that primitive people had shared a taste for the improvement and beautification of where they lived. Gray walls of rock seemed too empty and too dark, so a practical sensitivity had no practical purpose; primitive man felt the need to bring a primary form of art in his life. About the historical civilizations of Mesopotamia and Palestine show that these changes were in an uptrend and basic elements are already used in developing and organizing homes. A great example is the Egyptian architecture today, mainly due attention to interior decoration. Neither the old China was an exception. Since the beginning of Western civilization, said the achievements of Greece, concern for decorating interior space planning started to become a specific discipline.
The Romans, who were assimilated and imitated to develop both of Greek culture, were really fascinated by the almost unlimited possibilities to control and improve the environment in which they lived, from architecture to town decorating the rooms. Classic style has overwhelming influence on Western taste and ideas throughout history. Eastern cultures – especially those from India, China and Japan – have strongly influenced Western design, but to a lesser extent.
European modern interior design has its true beginning in the Middle Ages(century V – XV).11
